Albert Abraham Michelson (1852-1931), one of the world's most distinguished physicists, became head of the physics department at the University of Chicago in 1892 and held that post until he retired in 1929. In 1907 he won the Nobel prize in physics for his optical instruments of precision and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations which he carried out by means of them. He was the first American scientist to receive the honor.
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